Coking retort oven



June '17, 1930.

J. BECKER COKING RETORT OVEN Filed Nov. 18. 1920 s Sheets-Sheet 1 IN V EN TOR.- Z

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June 17, 1930.

J. BECKER COKI NG RETORT OVEN Filed Nov. 18. 1920' 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 SEGT/o/V 4 F El y June 17, 1930. .J. BECKER COKING RETORT OVEN Filed NOV. 18. 1920 SSheets-Sheet 3 June 17, 1930. BECKER COKING RETORT OVEN Filed Nov. 18. 1920 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 130/8 MEI- 90d [XI "EXTORF June 17, 1930. J. BECKER COKING RETORT OVEN Filed Nov. 18. 1920 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 lays Patented June 17, 1930 UNITED. STATES PATENT OFFICE JOSEPH BECKER, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE KOPPERS GOMPAN Y, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA COKING- RETORT OVEN Application filed November 18, 1920. Serial No. 424,846.

This invention comprehends improvements of general utility in the coking retort oven art, and of especial utility in coking retort ovens of the well-known Koppers cross-regenerative type exemplified in the patent to H. Koppers No. 818,033, dated April 17, 1906.

The invention has for an object the provision of a coking retort oven having, as an important characteristic, flexibility in operation exemplified in the ready adaptability of the oven for the alternative employment of producer gas or coke oven gas, as the oven fuel; and the invention provides novel mechanism, exemplified in an air supply main located on the same side of the oven battery as the other mains and other control parts, said mechanism controlling the air supply in such manner that the volume of inflowing air to all parts of the battery may be quickly and readily regulated and controlled, in the present instance, from a single point of inflow, to compensate for fluctuations in the fuel gas supply, and to insure a proper air supply regardless of fuel gas fluctuations. The feature of positive air control, provided by the, invention, is ofespecial utility for insuring the continuous maintenance of an air supply of proper volume, when employing producer gas as the oven fuel, and particularly when the producer gas is conveyed directly from a producer to the gas main of the oven, in which case the supply of gas necessarily varice with the rate ofproduction of the producer.

In addition to the general objects recited above, the invention has for further objects such other improvements or advantages as are found to obtain in the structures and devices hereinafter described or claimed.

40 In the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, and showing, for purposes of e'xemplilication, a preferred form and manner in which the invention may be embodied and practiced, but without limiting 4 5 the claimed invention to such illustrative instance or instances:

Figure l is a fragmentary front elevational view of a coking plant'or battery embodying features above specified and equipped with the improvements of the present invention,

the view being taken on a vertical plane indicated by the line CC of Figure 6;

Figure 2 is a vertical section taken in planes indicated by the line A-A of Figures 1 and 8;

Figure 3 is a composite vertical section taken in several different vertical planes and illustrating the connections between the regenerators, the fuel channels, and the flame flues;

Figure 4 is a horizontal section taken in a' plane indicated by the line DD of Figure 2; Figure 5 is a horizontal section taken in a plane indicated by the line BB of Figure 2 and illustratin the operation of the coking plant with pro ucer gas and with the several valves set for burning on the pusher side of the oven;

Figure 6 is another horizontal section similar to Figure 5 and'alsoillustrating the operation of the coking plant with producer gas, but showing the several valves in position for burning on the coke side;

Figure 7 is another horizontal section similar to Figure 5 but illustrating coke oven gas operation and with the several valves set for burning on the pusher side; and

, Figure 8 is another horizontal section simi-e {lar to Figure 5, illustrating coke oven gas operation and showing the several valves set for burning on the coke side.

The same characters of reference indicate the same parts in each of the several views of the drawings.

In its present embodiment, the invention is incorporated in a coking plant, such as is illustrated in the accompanying drawin s and having features of the well-known oppers cross-regenerator type, exemplified in the pat ent to H. Koppers hereinabove mentioned and in my prior patent fora coking retort oven- No. 1,416,322, granted May 16, 1922, which coking retort oven or plant includes in its construction crosswise extending parallel heating walls constituted of series of vertical flame or combustion flues, elongated coking chambers 'or ovensintermediate the heating walls and parallel therewith, and crosswise extending regenerators located at a lower level than the coking chambers and the heating walls and parallel therewith. For contrated viewsof a coke oven battery or lant' fined to this use of the invention; features of construction and operation are, however, capable of other valuable applications; consequently, the scope of the invention is by no means confined to the specific use and specific embodiment herein described as an illustrative example.

Referring to the drawings, there are illusof the by-product type, such as has been ereinbefore mentioned, which plant embodies in itsv construction a plurality of crosswise elongated heating walls 11, 11, and a plurality of intermediate crosswise elongated vertical-coking chambers or ovens 12, 12. The heating walls 11 form the side walls of the respective coking chambers 12, as shown more particularly in Figures 3 and 4, and in the present instance are supported by the heavy supporting or pillar walls 13, 13, extending crosswise of the battery and located, as shown in Figure 3, beneath the respective heating walls 11. These pillar walls collectively form the main support for the entire superstruc-. ture of the coke oven battery and are themselves 'firmly supported upon a flat mat or platform 14 which constitutes the subfoundation on which theentire battery rests.

The 'coal to be coked is charged into the several coking chambers or ovens 12 through charging holes 15 locatedin the top 16 of the oven battery and positioned directly above the ovens or chambers 12, as shown in Figure 3. These charging holes 15 are etpllipped with the usual removable covers, w ich are removed during charging of the several ovens and placed in position to close the tops of the ovens during the entire coking operation. 1

Heat for coking the charges of coal in the several ovens or chambers 12 is derived from the heating walls 11, which, as before mentioned, extend crosswise of the battery at the sides of the coking chambers. Referring now more particularly to Figures 2 and 4, each heating wall is constituted of a plurality of' vertical flame or combustion flues 17 and, in the present embodiment of the invention, the several combustion flues 17 of each heating wall are operatively disposed into two groups, respectively designated by the reference characters F and G, ea-ch group comprising about one-half the total umber of flues of the heating wall. The several flues of the group F of each heating wall are disposed on the pusher side of'the battery, whereas the several flues of the group G of the same heating wall are disposed on the coke side of the battery. When one of the said groups of combustion or, flameflues is operating for inflow, that is to say burning upwardly, the other of said groups of combustion flues is operating for downfiow to permit the waste gases from the above mentioned upburning flues to pass to the regenerator beneath.

The crosswise regenerators 18 of the retort oven or battery are located in planes beneath the planes of the aforesaid heating walls 11 and coking chambers 12 and in the present instance extend in parallelism beneath the coking chambers 12 and between the pillar walls 13. Below the middle lengthwise line L of the heating walls 11, there is a partition 19, as shown in Figure 2 and in Figures 5 to 8 inclusive, which extends all the way up from the mat of the battery to the bottom of theoverlying coking chamber and from one to the other of the pillar walls 13, such partition corresponding in osition with the line between the hereinbe ore mentioned two groups of combustion flues. With this con-' struction, there are thus formed below each coking chamber and crosswise of the battery,

two end to end regenerators 18, the meeting ends of which are the partition 19 above mentioned. For convenience, the several regeneratorslocated on the pusher side of the battery and which respectively communicate with groups F of the combustion flues may be designated generally by thereference character F, whereas the several regenerators which are located on the coke side of the battery and which respectively communicate with groups G of the combustion flues may be designated generally by the reference character G. Each regenerator 18 is a chamber containing open brickwork, commonly called checkerwork and indicated at 20, with a distributing sole channel 21 underneath the checkerwork of each regenerator, the channels 21 forming the soles of such chambers and opening up into the checkerwork of their respective regenerators. These regenerators in alternation are heated by the hot combustion products that are exhausted from the flame or combustion flues hereinbefore mentioned and then impart such heat to the medium that they. feed into these flame flues, the preheated medium so fed into the flame flues varying in accordance with the character of oven operation, as will hereinafter appear.

In accordance with the present embodiment of the invention, and as shown more particularly in Figure 5, the sole channels 21 of alternate pairs H of regenerators F, Gf both extend from the pusher side of the battery to their respective regenerators, and

the inflow to and the outflow from the regenfrom the pusher side of the battery to their respective regenerators, and the inflow to and the outflow from the regenerators of the intermediate pairs K is also controlled from the pusher side of the battery.

The reversal in direction of flow through the several regenerators of the battery and also through the flame or combustion flues of the heating walls with which the regenerators communicate, takes place crosswise of the battery in accordance with-the mode of operation employed in the patent to Koppers above mentioned. For example, all of the regenerators F on the pusher side of the partition 19 operate concurrently as inflow regenerators, while allof the regenerators on the opposite side of the partition 19 areopcrating concurrently as upflow regenerators, and this is true notwithstanding the medium introduced into the several regenerators. On reversal of the flow through the battery by means of reversing devices, hereinafter described, all of the regenerators on the coke side of the aforesaid partition 19 become inflow operating regenerators, while at the same time all of the regenerators on the pusher side of the partition 19become outow operating regenerators.

Each flue of the series of flues of the several heating wall has at its top a port or opening 22 for draft and the passage of combustion products or waste gas from the flames within the flues. The several ports 22 of each series of flues 17 communicate with a horizontal or *bus flue 23 located in each heating wall and connecting all the flues of a single heating wall together. In the operation of the oven battery, the several flues of the groups F on the pusher side thereof operate as upburning flues, while concurrently the several flues of the groups G on the coke side thereof operate as downdraft or exhaust flues; on reversal of the battery, the flues of the oups G exchange functions with the flues of the groups F, that is to say, the flues of the groups G become upburning flues, whereas the flues of the groups F become downdraft or exhaust flues.

Moreover, all of the flue-groups F of the en-' tire battery operate, with respect to each other, concurrently for flow in the same direction, and all of the flue-groups G, with respect to each other, operate concurrently in the opposite direction as regards the beforementioned flue-groups F. The horizonv tal channels or bus flues 23 above mentioned serve to direct the exhaust gases issuing from the ports 22 of the upburning flues into the similar ports 22 of the downdraft flues on the opposite side of the longitudinal dividing line L. The draft through the ports 22 may be regulated by means of the usual movable dampers or sliding-bricks 24 (see Figure 3), positioned in the ordinary way in the bottoms of the horizontal flues 23 and adapted to be reached by access flues 25,

which extend from the top of the channel 23 in each heating wall to the top 16 of the battery, there being an access flue positioned over each flame, or combustionflue of, each .cated above the channel 27, as shown in Figures 2 and 3. These channels 26 and 27 are for the purpose of supplying coke oven gas, when employed as the fuel, to the several fines ofthe groups F and G on the pusher and coke sides of the battery, and

with this end in view, the upper channel 26,

communicates with the individual flues 17 of the group F by means of ducts 28 that lead from such channel 26 individually into the bottoms of individual flues of said group F; and the lower channel 27 which supplies the several flues 17 of the group G communicates therewith by means of similar connecting ducts 29. Within the several ducts 28 and 29 are disposed the usual gas nozzles 30.

The supply of coke oven gas to the channels 26 and 27 of the respective heating walls 11 is derived from a main 31, operable alternatively, at will, for conveying either coke oven gas or air, as .will hereinafter appear. This main 31 is located on and extends longitudinal of the puslier side of the battery as.

shown in Figures 1 and 2. A series of supply connections, designated generally by the reference character 32 and convenlently of the general nature and arrangement disclosed in 1 my before-mentioned prior Patent No. 1,416,322, granted May 16, 1922, connects the main 31 with the several pairs of channels 26 and 27. A detailed description of the construction of such supply connections 32 is not thought to be necessary in the present specification and it will be sufiicient to state that said supply connections 32' embody mechanism which operates at each periodic reversal of the battery to' admit a supply of coke oven gas either to all of the channels 26 or to all of the channels 27 and to turn oif ducts 33, each duct leading upwardly from a regenerator intoa flue, as shown in Figures 3 and 4. Thus, each regenerator of the group F is connected with all of the flues of the two adjacently disposed groups F; and similarly each regenerator of the group G, is connected with all of the fines of the two adjacently disposed grou s G. With this construction, every group flues F or G is connected by ducts 33 with two adjacently disposed regenerators of the corresponding group, and, consequently, each group of flues may be fed with gaseous medium from two separate regenerators. The advantage of this arrangement will be clear in the hereafter described operation of the battery.

Extending along the pusher side of the battery is a main 34 connected with a pro- 'nc-ctions 49 leading to the waste gas tunnel 37 p and adapted to be opened or closed in unison ducer gas conduit 35, which is adapted to by means of reversing connections similar to convey into said main 34 producer gas derived directly from a producer. A valve in- (licated at 36 in the producer gas main controls the supply of producer gas to the main 34. The producer may be of any approved construction' designed to supp y producer gas at low pressure to the main 35, and, when the battery is operating with producer gas for fuel, also to the main 34.

pusher side of the battery, said waste gas tunnel being adapted to receive the waste gases or products of combustion from the several outflow operating regenerators. Suitable valve connections are provided for loading. at will, a portion of. the waste gas from the tunnel 37 -into the main 34, when the battery is operating with coke over gas as fuel, an operation which will be hereinafter set forth.

Referring now to Figures 5' to 8 inclusive: The sole channels 21,0f the several regenerators F of the before-mentioned alternate group H are each connected, at their pusher ends, with flow pipes 38. These flow pipes 38 are each provided with valve connections 39 to the main 34 and also with valve convalves of the series 40.

nections 40 to the waste gas tunnel 37 Provision, such as the reversing cable construction set forth in prior Patent No. 1 ,416,322,

granted May 16, 1922, is made for opening or closing in unison theseveral valves of the series 39; similarly provision is made for opening or closing in unison. the several e sole channels 21 of the. several coke side regenerators Gr of the group H are I extended by conduits 41 through the regenerators F of the same group H and the pusher ends of saidconduits 41 are each connected to flow pipes 42, which flow pipes 42' are respectively provided with valve connections 43 to the main 34 and with valve connections 44 tothe waste gas tunnel 37. Similar controlling connections are provided for opening or closing in unison series of valves 43 and for opening or closing in unison the series of valves 44.

Connected to the pusher ends of the sole channels 21 of the several pusher side regenerators F of the before-mentioned interthose mentioned above.

As hereinabove stated the main 31 is, in accordance with the present preferred embodiment of the invention, alternatively operable as a coke oven'gas main or'as an air main. W'hen employing producer gas as the oven fuel, the said main 31 is operated as an air main, and during such operation is entirely A shut off from the supply of coke oven gas by waste gas tunnel 37 also extends along the means of any preferred type of controllin valve. As an air main, the main 31 functions to supply, to those regenerators which operate as air regenerators, the air for supporting combustion of the producer gas.

For this purpose, air pipes 50 respectively connect the main 31 with the flow pipes 45 that lead to the of the oup K, and the several air pipes of the series are each provided with controlling valves 51 adapted to be opened or closed in unison by means of reversing connections of the same eneral nature as those mentioned above. Air pipes 52 also connect the main 31 with the respective flow pipes 48 leading to the coke side regenerators G of the group K, and the several air pipes of the series 52 are each provided with controlling valves 53, adapted to be opened or closed in unison by means of similar reversing con- IIGCtlOHS).

In accordance with the invention, the entire volume of air which flows into the main 31, is controllable from a. single point, for example, by means of a gate valve, indicated at 54 and positioned at one end of the main 31. Consequently, the air supply to all of the inflow operatlng air rggenerators may be controlled simultaneously, as, for example, by a simple adjustment of the controlling valve 54. When employing for fuel producer gas derived directly from a producer, the supply of gas varies with the rate of production ofs the producer and consequently the volume of gas introduced'into the flues is subject to considerable variation. As it is diflEicult to regulate closely the gas outflow of the producer, the present invention, by the PIOVlSlOll of a simple and efiective means for regulating the entire volume of air supply, permits the air to be maintainedet pusher side regenerators F is opened, substantially equal volumes of air all times inproper proportion with respect to the gas supply so that practically perfect combustion is attained. The proportions of gas and air which enter the upburning flues can readily be ascertained by a determination of carbon dioxide andoxygen content in the waste gas. In order to equalize the air supply in the several air regenerators, regulating valves 51 and 53 may be adjusted so that, when either series 51?, 53 of said valves flowinto the several regenerators with which the air pipes controlled by said valves are connected.

The operation of the battery, when using a special generator gas, such as ordinary producer gas, is illustrated in Figures 5 and 6, Figure 5 showing the parts positioned for burning on the pusher side of the battery and for outflow on the coke side, and Figure 6 showing the parts positioned after a reversal i. e., when burning on the coke side of the battery and with outflow on the pusher side. When burning on the pusher side of the battery, the several regenerators F are operating for inflow, whereas the several regenerators G are operating for outflow. Concurrently the several flues of the groups F are burning upwardly, while downflow is maintained in the several flues of the groups G to convey the waste products to the outflow operating regenerator G. During such operation of the battery, the parts assume the relations indicated in Figure 5.

Referring to said Figure 5: Theseveral valves of the series 39 are open and the several valves of the series are shut; the

several valves of-the series 43'are shut and the several valves of the series 46 are shut and the yseveral valves of the series 49 are open; the

several valves of the series 51 are open and the several valves of the series 53 are shut. The main 34 is connected with the producer gas main 35 by opening the valve 36 and the main 31 is shut off from the coke oven gas supply but opened to the outer air. With the parts arranged in such relative positions, producer gas flows into the several pusher side regenerators F of the group H, while air from the main 31 flows into the several regenerators F of the group K, the regenerators of the group H alternate with those of the group K as hereinbefore mentioned. As each regenerator F of both groups H and K is connected with the groups of flame flues F of two adjacently disposed heating walls, atmospheric air and producer gas flow into all of the flame flues 17 of the several groups F and igniting burns upwardly in saidflues. The waste gases from the upburning flues of the groups F pass into the horizontal or bus flues 23 and, flowing over to the coke side of the battery, pass downwardly through the several flue's 17 of the groups G and thence into the coke side regenerators G of both groups H and K. All of the'regenerators G of both groups H and K operate as outflow regenerators, and the waste gases from said regenerators G pass through the conduits 41 and 47 to the flow pipes 42 and 48 and thence through the open valve connections 44 and 49 to the Waste gas tunnel 37.

On reversal of the battery, the several valve connections assume the relations indicated in Figure 6. As shown in said Figure 6, the several valves of the series 39 are shut and the several valves of the series 40 are open; the several valves of the series 43 are open and the several valves of the series 44 are shut; the several valves of the series 46 are open and the several valves of the series 49 are shut; the several valves ofthe series 51 are shut and the several valves of the series 53 are open. Producer gas now passes through the flow pipes 42 to the conduits 41 and thence to the coke side regenerators G of the group H and air passes through the flow gasses pass into all of the regenerators F, of

both groups H and K and thence flow through the -flow pipes 38 and 45 and the open valve connections 40 and 46 to the waste gas tunne 37.

The .o eration of the battery, when em ploying coke oven gas, is illustrated in Figures 7 and 8, Figure 7 showing the parts positioned for burning on the pusher side of the battery and for outflow on the coke side, and Figure 8 showing the parts *POSllJlOIlGd. after reversal, i. e., when burning on the coke side of the battery and with outflow on the pusher side. The preferred embodiment of the invention contemplates burning the coke oven gas in an atmosphere containing both air and a neutral gaseous diluent which is introduced into the combustion'flues separately from the air. The advantage of the admission into each of the upburning flues of a supply of neutral gaseous diluent, such as waste gas, lies in the fact that the waste gas is effective to lengthen greatly the flames within suchflues and to prevent the localization of the hottest flame temperature in the extreme lower portions of the flues." During bustion in the burning flame flues is derived from the flow pipes of the series 45 for the flame flues of the pusher slde groups F and from the flow pipes 48 for the flame flues of the coke side groups G. For this purpose, the several flow pipes 45 are provided with valves 55 adapted, when open, to connect said flow pipes 45 directly with the atmosphere. The valves of the series 55 are opened orclosed in unison by means of reversing connections similar to those mentioned above. The several flow pipes ofthe series 45 are m 56 adapted to e opened or closed in unison by means of other similar reversing connec tions. It will be understood that both series of valves 55 and 56 are closed during the entire operatin period of the battery, when producer gas employed. During such coke oven as operation, the main 34 is shut off entire y from -the supply of producer gas by closing the valve 36 and a supply of waste gas is permitted to flow into said main from 2 the waste gas tunnel 37. 7

Referring now to -Figur'e 7 which illustrates the relations of the-parts when burning on the pusher side of the battery: The several valves of the series 39 are open and the several valves of the series 40 are shut;

the several valves of the series 43 are shut and the several valves of the series 44 are .open; the several valves of the series 46 are shut and the several valves of the series 49 are open; the several valves of the'series 55 are open and the several valves of the series 56 are shut; all of the valves of both series 51 and, 53 are shut. The valve connections 32 are operated to permit the coke an oven gas to pass from the main 31 into the channels 26 which feed the flues of the groups F on the pusher side, and to shut off the flow from the channels 27 which feed the flues of the groups G on the coke side of the bat- I tery. With the parts arranged in the relative positionsdescribed above, waste gas flows into the several pusher side regenerators F of the group H, while air-flows into the several regenerators F of the grou K, the

regenerators of the group H alternating with those of-the group K as hereinbefore mentioned. As each regenerator F of both groups H and K is @nnected with the groups of flame flues F of two adjacently disposed E0 heating walls, atmospheric air andl'waste gas flow into all the flame flues of the groups F and form the atmospheres in said'flues for supporting the combustion of the coke oven gas which is derivedfrom the nozzles 30 and 5E ows upwardly through'the coke oven gas ducts 28.. The waste gases from the upburning flues of the groups F, pass into the horizontal or busflues 23 and, flowing over to the coke side of the battery, pass downwardly through the several flues 17 of the groups G andthence into the regenerators 0 both rou s Hand K. All ofthe regenerators 0 both groups H and K operate as outflow regenerators, and 'the waste 85 gases from said regenerators G pass through Iprovided with similar valvesthe conduits 41 and 47 to the flowpipes 42 and 48 and thence through the open valve connections 44 and49 to the waste gas tunnel 37.

On reversal of the battery,nthe several valve connections assume the relations indicated in Figure 8. Referring to said Figure 8: The several=valves of the series 39 are shut and the several valves of the series 40 are open; these-veral valves of the series 43 are open and thesev'erallvalves of the series 44 are shut; the several valves of the series 46 are open and the several valves of the series 49 are shpt; the several valves of the series are shut and the several valves of the series 56 are open allof the valvesof both series 51 and 53 are shut.. The supply connections 32 are operated to-permit coke oven gas to flow from the main 31 into the several coke oven gas channels 27 which, through the ducts 29, feed the flues 17 of the groups G on the coke side of the battery.

Waste gas now passes through the flow pipes 42 of the several coke side regenerators G of the group H and air from the open valves 56 passes through the several channels 47 of the coke side regenerators G of the group K and flowing upwardly through said re? generators mingles in the flues of the groups G with the waste gas supplied by the coke side regenerators G of the grou H. The several flame flues of the groups now burn upwardly and the waste gases from said flues pass over into and downwardly through the several flame flues of the groups F. From the flame flues of the groups F, the waste products pass into all 0 the regenerators F of both groups H and K and thence flow through the flow pipes 38 and 45 to the open valve connections 40 and 46, through which gle waste gases pass to the waste gas tunnel The invention as hereinabove set forth LiS embodied in a particular form of construction, but may be variously embodied within the scope of the claims hereinafter made.

, I claim:

1. In a coke oven batter in combination: a plurality of coking cham ers; heating walls contiguous to such coking chambers and respectively constituted of vertical combustion flues; regenerators located at a lower level than the coking chambers and the heating walls parallel therewith, saidregenerators be-v ing grou ed into pairs crosswise of the bat a plurality of coking chambers; heating walls contiguous to such coking chambers and respectively constituted of vertical combustion flues; regenerators located at a lower level than the coking chambers and the heating walls and parallel therewith, said. regenerators being grouped into pairs crosswise of the battery; a main located on one side of the battery and alternatively operable for feeding waste gas or producer gas; reversing valve connections between said main and alternate pairs of such regenerators; another main located on the same side of the battery as said first mentioned main and alternatively operable for supplying coke oven gas to said heating walls or air to the pairs of regenerators that are intermediate such alternate pairs of I regenerators; means for alternately feeding the coke oven gas to the flues on the opposite 7 sides of the battery; reversing valve connections between said last named main and the regenerators with which it is connected; and means individual to'said last named main for controlling the volume of air permitted to flow therein; substantially as specified.

3. In a coke oven battery, in combination:

a plurality of coking chambers; heating wallscontiguous to such coking chambers and re-' spectively constituted of vertical combustion flues; regenerators located at a lower level than the coking chambers and the heating walls and parallel therewith, said regenerators being grouped into pairs crosswise ofthe battery; a main alternatively operable for feeding waste gas or producer gas; reversing valve connections between said main and alternate pairs of such regenerators; another main alternatively operable for supplying coke oven gas to sa1 heating walls or. air

to the pairs of regenerators that are intermediate such alternate pairs of regenerators; means for alternately feeding the coke oven gas to the flues on the opposite sides of the battery; reversing valve connections between said last named main and the regenerators with which it is connected; and means individual to said last named main for controlling the volume of air permitted to flow therein; substantially as specified. i

4. In a coking retort oven, in combmation:

a plurality of coking chambers; heating walls contiguous to such coking chambers regenerators communicably connected with said heating-walls;-a main alternatively operable for feeding waste gas or producer gas reversing valve connectionsbetwecn said main and some of the regenerators; another main alternativelyoperable for supplying coke oven gas to said heating Wallsor air to rothers ofthe regenerators'; means for alternately feeding the coke oven gas to theflues on the opposite sides of the battery; reversing valve connections between said last named main andthe regenerators with which it is connected; and means for controlling the volume of air permitted to fiowinto said last namedma'in; substantially as specified. f

5. In a coking retort oven, in combination: a plurality of coking chambers; heating walls contiguous to such cokingfchambers; regenerators communicably connected with said'heating Walls; a main alternatively operable for feeding producer gas and communicably connected with some of the regenerators; another main alternatively operable for supplying coke oven gas to said heating walls or airto others of the regenerators means, operable at will, for alternatively connecting said last named main with said heating walls or with said other regenerators; and means for controlling the volume of air permitted to flow into said last named main; substantially as specified. I

6. In a coking retort oven, a plurality of coking chimbers; walls contiguous to such 0 king chambers; crosswise regenerators communicably connected with said heating walls; a main alternatively operable for feeding waste gas or producer gas; reversing valve connections between said main and some ofthe regenera tors; another main alternatively operable for supplying coke oven gas to said heatlng walls or air to others of the regenerators; means for alternately feeding the coke ovengas to the flues on the opposite sides of the battery; reversing valve connections between said last in combination:

named main and the regenerators with which able for supplying coke oven gas to said heating walls or air to others of the regenerators;

means, operable at' will, for alternatively connecting said last named main wlth said heating walls or with said other regenerators; and means for controlling the volume of air permitted to flow into said last named main; substantially as specified.

8. In a coking retort oven, in combination:

- heating a plurality of coking chambers heating walls contiguous to such coking chambers; regenerators communicably connected with said heating walls; a main alternatively operable for feedin gas of one-type; another main alternative y operable for feeding gas of another type or air to some of theregenerators; means,-operable at will, for. connecting said last named main with such regenerators; and meansfor controlling the volume of an permitted to flow into said last named main; substantially as s ecified.

.9. In a reversi le regenerative coking re tort oven having means for gas firing the same, and havin at least four series of regenerators', in WhlCh some of the regenerators are adapted to convey the combustible gas for said firing while others-of the-regenerators convey air for said firing and are dis 'posed in two sets adapted to operate in alter-v nationwith each other for in ow of air and outflow of waste gas, means for controlling flow of combustible gas through the gas-re.- generators, the improvement characterized y a single air supplying conduit located on one side of said oven and'having individual connections with regenerators of the .two sets of the air-regenerators, combined with a single means of regulating the rate of air flow into said conduitl ior all of the air re-- generators, whereby the entire air supply to all the air-regenerators'may be substantially concurrentlyadjustedw ith respect to combustible gas flow to the stantially as specified.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 12th day of November, 1920.

JOSEPH BECKER.

gas. r'egenerators; sub 

